Smart nanomedicines represent advanced nanoscale systems, particularly focusing on engineering methods. This session involves the design and functionalization of nanocarriers capable of active targeting, controlled release and real-time adaptation to complex physiological and pathological environments. A particular focus will be placed on targeting strategies—both passive and active—including ligand-receptor interactions and the use of disease-specific biomarkers to enhance selectivity. These features significantly improve therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity. The session will highlight recent developments in the integration of materials science, nanotechnology and molecular biology to realize next-generation nanomedicines. Emphasis will be placed on how these systems enable the rational design of precision therapeutics, supporting personalized interventions based on molecular disease signatures and patient-specific biological contexts.